Secluded forests, quiet clearings, undisturbed nature... What we long for became a rarity in the Parisian countryside as early as the mid-19th century. The forest of Fontainebleau had been a refuge for kings since the Middle Ages, but industrialisation put it under increasing threat. It was discovered just in time by the plein-air painters who brought their magnificent natural landscapes to the canvas on the spot, trying to capture the play of light, the rustling of the leaves and the pride of the mighty giant trees with a brush.
Pierre Etienne Théodore Rousseau, born in 1812, was one of the first to paint this ancient forest. The son of a Paris tailor, he took lessons from his painting cousin at an early age. However, he was not interested in history painting, which was very popular at the time. He soon left the studio of his highly respected teacher, and both the subjects and the painting technique seemed too artificial and too bloodless to him. Instead, Rousseau wanted to capture real life and true nature with all his senses. His first study trips took him to Normandy and Auvergne, and what he found there he hoped to track down near his home town. At the age of 20, Rousseau took canvas, paints, brushes and easel with him for the first time to the forest of Fontainebleau, which was only 50 kilometres south of Paris. There, he did not only want to draw from nature or make small-format oil sketches, but also to create fully valid paintings of the gnarled oaks, majestic pines, but also of the shapely sandstone rocks that have always captured people's imagination. In this way he created the genre of the Paysage Intime, the "familiar landscape", which was not distinguished by being spectacular, but by its simple beauty.
His paintings had little success in the Paris Salon at first, but gradually they were noticed in the art world. The first painter colleagues joined him in the 1830s, and their names still have a big sound today: Jean-Francois Millet, Charles-Francois Daubigny or even Camille Corot. From the interaction of these artist individuals, who rejected the academic way of painting and instead sought an immediate access to nature, the School of Barbizon was born, named after a village in the forest of Fontainebleau. Rousseau left the big city behind him more and more often and finally moved here completely with his wife in 1848. Strictly speaking, however, it is not a school, but a training of the individual's understanding of art in direct dialogue with the surrounding nature. It is also thanks to the artists' colony of Barbizon that the forest of Fontainebleau was declared the first French nature reserve and is still preserved today. Theodore Rousseau died in 1867 at the age of 55 in Barbizon, surrounded by his beloved nature, whose facets and transformations he had painted incessantly. What followed a little later was Impressionism.
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.jpg "Pond at the Edge of a Wood by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Pool with a Stormy Sky by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "A Path among the Rocks by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Marshland in Les Landes, c.1853 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Old Mill at Saint-Ouen, Paris, France by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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_Paint_-_(MeisterDrucke-947447).jpg "Interior of the forest called the Old Dormitory of Bas-Breau (Fontainebleau forest) by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Plain, View from the Heights of Meudon by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-134721).jpg "The Cave, 1828-30 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Exit of the Forest in Fontainebleau, Sunset by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-969941).jpg "An avenue, Isle Adam forest by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-903616).jpg "The Charcoal Burner")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-102029).jpg "The Pond at the Foot of the Hill by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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_19th_century_Barb_-_(MeisterDrucke-1030108).jpg "Sunset in the Forest by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Autumn at St. Jean de Paris, Forest of Fontainebleau by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "A River in a Meadow by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Edge of the Forest at Fontainebleau, Setting Sun by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-37639).jpg "The Pond near the Road, Farm in Le Berry, c.1845-48 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Edge of the Woods at Monts-Girard, Fontainebleau Forest by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Edge of the Woods at Monts-Girard, Fontainebleau Forest by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "A Group of Oak Trees, Apremont by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Springtime by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Holm Oaks, Apremont, 1850-52 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Forest of Fontainebleau, Cluster of Tall Trees Overlooking the Plain of Clair-Bois at the Edge of Bas-Bréau by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Rocky Landscape, c. 1840 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Pond Oaks by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "La Plaine, vue des hauteurs de Meudon, c.1833 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Landscape at Sunset by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-903600).jpg "A Path Among the Rocks by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Oak Tree by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Early Summer Afternoon by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Forest Glade near a Village by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Landscape with Marsh by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Marsh in the Souterraine, 1842 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-253451).jpg "Valley of Saint-Fergeux (Doubs) by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Landscape by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Les Chenes de Roche, c1832-1860, 1924 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Pool (Memory of the Forest of Chambord) by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Sea by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "View of Mont Blanc, Seen from La Faucille by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Exit of the Forest in Fontainebleau, Sunset by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Great Oaks of Old Bas-Breau, 1864 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Clearing in the Woods of Fontainebleau by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-904128).jpg "View of Mont Blanc, seen from La Faucille, c.1865 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "After the Rain, c.1850 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Forest in Winter at Sunset by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Moonlight. The Bathers by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The End of Autumn by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Wooded Landscape with a Twig Gatherer, 19th Century by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Valley of Tiffauge by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Effects of a Storm, View of the Plain of Montmartre by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Effet de Givre, 1845 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "In the Wood at Fontainebleau by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Vallee d")
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.jpg "Landscape by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "A Meadow Bordered by Trees by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Stone Bridge by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "An Old Chapel in a Valley, ca. 1835 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Sunset over the Plain of Barbizon by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Pond by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "View of Mont Blanc, Seen from La Faucille by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Paris Seen from the Heights of Belleville by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Study of an Oak Tree by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-951599).jpg "Group of Oaks, Apremont by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Little Fisherman by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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 c1830 (oil on paper mounted on p - (MeisterDrucke-287824).jpg "Landscape Study (La Source) c.1830 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Landscape with a Clump of Trees by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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_19th_century_Sun_-_(MeisterDrucke-960779).jpg "The banks of the Loire by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Farm in the Landes, 1844-67 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Fisherman by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "The Edge of a Wood by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Cottages Near Larchant by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "View of Saleve, Near Geneva by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Landscape by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-214624).jpg "Market Place in Normandy by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Cherry Tree at Blau by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Footpath in the Barbizonnières by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Panoramic View of the Ile-de-France by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Landscape with River. Around 1834/35 by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Landscape with a Plowman by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Mountain Stream in the Auvergne by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Oak Trees and Rocks by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "La Plaine de la Plante à Biau by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Landscape with a Clump of Trees by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Landscape in the Auvergne by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Landscape with a Ploughman by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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.jpg "Study of an Oak Tree by Pierre Etienne Theodore Rousseau")
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