The history of art in Australia ranges from the creatively impressive prehistoric testimonies of the Aboriginal people of about 40,000 years ago and their tree bark and rock paintings and stone carvings to the strongly influenced by European Modernism, but still clearly Australian painting of the Impressionist-oriented "Heidelberg School" in the late 19th century. This includes the Impressionist-oriented Heidelberg School in the late 19th century, the more recent indigenous styles of the Hermannsburg School in the 1930s and the Western Desert Art Movement in the 1970s, as well as the diverse contemporary Australian art. Internationally renowned and successful painters, designers, photographers, sculptors and draughtsmen such as Ken Done, Rolf Harris, Ricky Swallow as well as Patricia Piccinini and Susan Norrie are also to be mentioned here. The representatives of "Contemporary Indigenous Australian art", some of whom have received several art awards, such as Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri, Kaapa Tjampitjinpa, Linda Syddick Napaltjarri, John Mawurndjul and Jenni Kemarre Martiniello also enjoy a good reputation today.
While these and many other contemporary Australian artists are able to make a living in their home country, which is far from the rest of the world, thanks to modern information and communication technologies and transport links, this was much more difficult for their predecessors throughout the 19th and even early 20th centuries. The art from "Down Under", at that time viewed with much scepticism on the part of Europeans towards the notorious British penal colony, was accepted as such almost exclusively in the form of illustrations of exotic Australian fauna and flora. Pictures, paintings and drawings of Ferdinand Bauer, Charles Alexandre Lesueur, John William Lewin, Benjamin Duterrau, Robert Hawker Dowling, John Glover and Conrad Martens thus circulated almost exclusively in Australia itself, and even the first galleries and museums, such as the "National Gallery of Victoria" in Melbourne in 1861, were not created until the middle of the 19th century. However, this international isolation slowly came to an end from the 1880s and 1890s onwards, and artists such as Arthur Streeton, Frederick McCubbin and Tom Roberts were also increasingly honoured overseas for skilful depictions of the typical colours, landscapes and lighting conditions of Australia.
Another of the first Australian artists to be successful abroad was the painter, author, printmaker and illustrator Mortimer Luddington Menpes, who was born and raised in Port Adelaide, but whose career actually took its course in Great Britain and not in Australia. After his family had moved back to England in 1875, he began his art education in 1878 at the School of Art in London and exhibited for the first time in 1880 at the Royal Academy. Inspired by a sketch tour of Brittany and influenced by Japanese designs, Menpes became a major figure in the renaissance of etching and produced more than 700 etchings, usually printed by himself. During the Boer War in South Africa from 1900 onwards, he worked as an illustrator and subsequently undertook extensive travels to Burma, Egypt, France, India, Italy, Japan, Kashmir, Mexico, Morocco and Spain. Menpes made a good living from printing his drawn impressions of foreign countries, but was also known for his skilful oil paintings and watercolours. He also devoted himself to the professional cultivation of carnations and founded two printing works in London and Watford to produce colour illustrated books using the Hentschel colour type process, which was new at the time.
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.jpg "Portrait of Mr. Cecil Rhodes, c1901 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-90198).jpg "The Pont des Arts (Late Afternoon) by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1485858).jpg "World")
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 (wc on paper) - (MeisterDrucke-560933).jpg "Portrait of Cecil Rhodes by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1485922).jpg "World’s Children: Burmese, Standing at Attention by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1482853).jpg "World’s Children: Japanese, One of our New Allies by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "On the Great Canal, Osaka by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "The Tuileries Gardens by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Beyond Hammersmith Bridge by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-368714).jpg "A Tea House, Shanghai, c.1909 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Back Canal, Osaka by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "On the Yellow River, 1903 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Street Scene in Tangier by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "King Babar")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1511012).jpg "Mediaeval Houses, Vitre by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Kiosque, Paris by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1500771).jpg "The Bridge, Pont-Aven by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Umbrellas and Commerce by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Type of Dutch Residence by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Street in Naples by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "From the Hills, Baluchistan by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Native Chiefs in Delhi by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Wood-Cutters, Jeypore by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "The Shan Chiefs Retainers at the Native Review by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "On the Banks of Holy River, Benares by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1485923).jpg "World’s Children: Cashmere, Sitting Still by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1494067).jpg "World’s Children: Italian, Carita by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1485850).jpg "World")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1482914).jpg "World’s Children: Cashmere, Cross by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1507114).jpg "World’s Children: Indian, Threading Beads by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Street Vendors by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Fruit Seller by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Standard-bearer by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Side Street in Agra, 1905 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Vegetable Market, Peshawar, 1905 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1499560).jpg "World’s Children: French, At the Fair by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "On the Great Canal, Osaka, c1887, 1901 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Minstrel")
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.jpg "An Elephant Reception for the Prince of Wales, Illustration from")
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.jpg "On the Alipur Road by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Vegetable Market, Delhi by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1502080).jpg "World")
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.jpg "Goring by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Young Japan by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Parisian Cuisine by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Street Corner, Peshawur, 1905 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Sun and Lanterns by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "The Bridge of Sighs, and Straw Bridge by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1497033).jpg "World")
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.jpg "Santa Maria Della Salute by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1495895).jpg "A Sabot-Stall by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Playfellows by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "The Taj Mahal, Agra by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Advance Japan by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Little Shop in Chelsea, c.1884-87 by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Chinese Cook by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-79344).jpg "Bathing-House (Samaritaine) by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1496262).jpg "Outside the Cathedral, Quimper by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Mid-Day, Delhi by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "St Paul")
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.jpg "From Battersea Bridge by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "In the garden of the Convent, Bloemfontein by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1494075).jpg "World")
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.jpg "Hampton Court, from the River by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Blaze of Sun by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1500654).jpg "World’s Children: Spanish, In a Courtyard, Seville by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1494136).jpg "World’s Children: French, In the Conservatory by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1497023).jpg "World")
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.jpg "The Mill at Abingdon by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Daughters of the Sun by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1485919).jpg "World’s Children: Chinese, A Bargee Girl by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Goldfish by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1510457).jpg "World’s Children: Spanish, Light and Shade by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Sutton Courtney Backwater by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Puebla by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1505548).jpg "World’s Children: Japanese, His First Umbrella by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1494071).jpg "World’s Children: Sewing by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1494066).jpg "World’s Children: French, On the Beach at Trouville by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Dutch farmhouse on Rhodes")
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.jpg "Streatley Mill by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "The Scarlet Umbrella by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Late Afternoon by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Cake Stall by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1499568).jpg "World’s Children: Dutch, Tired by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1507277).jpg "On the Steps of the Mill House, Pont-Aven by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "On the Yellow River by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Naul Masa Mosque by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "The Stall by the Bridge by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1485924).jpg "World’s Children: Cashmere, On the River Jhelum by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Doorway, Venice by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "Scuola di San Marco by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "A Cloisonne Worker by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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.jpg "In the Tuileries by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1485854).jpg "World")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1497871).jpg "A Solitary Meal by Mortimer Ludington Menpes")
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