Mostly, the Etruscan culture is classified in the period from 800 BC to about the 1st century BC, some historians also count the Villanova culture (site near Bologna) from 1000 BC, with the Etruscan. According to the archaeological sites, the territory of the Etruscans is located on the western side of Italy, north of Rome, roughly between the Arno and Tiber rivers, in the region of present-day Tuscany, Lazio and Umbria. Unlike Rome, Etruria was not a centrally organized state, but rather a number of independent cities united by a common language, script, trade as well as culture. Accordingly, the excavated artifacts or images show regional differences, which makes a precise definition of Etruscan art difficult.
The central position in the Mediterranean, the trade over the entire Mediterranean area and the mineral resources of the region such as lead, silver, copper and iron formed the basis for a certain prosperity of the inhabitants, which in turn was a prerequisite for the development of a specifically Etruscan art. Impressions, objects and artifacts from Asia Minor, Phoenicia or mainly Greece, as well as immigrations from these areas, entered the artistic style.
4 periods of Etruscan art are distinguished, starting from the Villanova culture, the Orientalizing phase, the Archaic and the Hellenistic, before being absorbed into the Roman after the conquest of the territory by the Romans in the 3rd century BC.
The distinctive cult of the dead among the Etruscans first manifested itself through terracotta urns in the shape of houses with geometric decorations. Later, important persons were not cremated after their death, but buried lying in terracotta sarcophagi in specially constructed buildings. Some of the sites were so-called necropolises (necropolises) with several buildings for the dead. Some of the sarcophagi are decorated with elaborate upper body sculptures, such as the spousal sarcophagus from Cerveteri, which shows the couple with joyful facial expressions at a banquet. The fascinating thing about the sarcophagus sculptures is the naturalness of the representation in contrast to the austerity of the Greek or Roman figures. The larger tombs now allowed the Etruscan artists to make wall paintings with colorful scenes of fun-loving people dancing, banqueting, revelry and music; the most beautiful legacy of the Etruscans (for example, the Tomb of the Leopards in Tarquinia).
In the necropolises and other sacred sites were found numerous bronze sculptures that document the skill of the Etruscans in metalworking, they realized smaller statuettes, medium or life-size images of, for example, women with long robes, warriors with weapons, gods or animals; an example is the mythological figure of the "Chimera of Arezzo" in agony, about 80 cm high. In addition to these works of art, numerous artisan funerary and votive offerings have been excavated, such as bronze mirrors or amphorae, bowls and cups in black-surface pottery, so-called bucchero pottery. The latter a technique and skill of the Etruscans that has left its mark everywhere in the Mediterranean.
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.jpg "Painting from the Tomb of the Diver from the Southern Cemetery at Paestum, 480-470 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan Musicians, Copy of a 5th Century BC Fresco in the Tomb of the Leopard at Tarquinia by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Greek Art: A young swimmer diving. Fresco of the grave of the diver, Paestum by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Diver, circa 480-490 BC, decorative fresco from cover slab of Tomb of Diver at Paestum, Campania, Italy, 5th Century BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan Art: A Young Swimmer Diving by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: a flute player (detail) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "A Flute Player (detail) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: frescoes representing banquet scenes, (detail) representing a dancer. Tomb of the Triclinium. 5th century BC. National Archaeological Museum of Tarquinia, Italy by Etruscan")
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.jpg "The Capitoline She-Wolf with Figures of Romulus and Remus (c.1484-96) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Horses and horsemen holding the reins, from the Tomb of the Baron by Etruscan")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-293926).jpg "Head of a Young Woman, Velia (from the Tomb of the Orcus) by Etruscan")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-293926).jpg)
.jpg "Head of a Man and Child Playing a Double Flute (detail) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Oinochoe in the form of the head of a young man, known as the")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-40131).jpg "(Detail) Musician Playing a Double Flute, from the Tomb of the Triclinium by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-40131).jpg)
 - (MeisterDrucke-69364).jpg "Musician Playing a Double Flute, from the Tomb of the Triclinium, c.470 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan Tomb of Leopards, fresco showing banquet scene, Tarquinia. 5th century BC, Italy by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Inside the Francois tomb in the necropolis of Ponte Rotto, 4th century BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Red-figure pottery, calyx krater depicting Neoptolemus, Astyanax, Helen of Troy and Priamo on ground by Etruscan")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-377194).jpg "Antefix in the Shape of a Satyr")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-377194).jpg)
.jpg "Ulysses, attached to the mast of his ship, resists the singing of the sirens. Low relief of a sarcophagus of Volterra. 4th-3rd century BC. Florence, Archeological Museum by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Dancer in a Blue Tunic from the Tomb of the Triclinium, c.470 BC by Etruscan")
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_Roman_orator_-_Etruscan_Bronze_sculpture_h_179_cm_ca90-_-_(MeisterDrucke-1125196).jpg "Aule Metele (The Orator), Roman Orator - Etruscan Bronze Sculpture, ca. 90-70 BC, from Pila, Italy by Etruscan")
_Roman_orator_-_Etruscan_Bronze_sculpture_h_179_cm_ca90-_-_(MeisterDrucke-1125196).jpg)
 - (MeisterDrucke-149138).jpg "Female figure, possibly Aphrodite by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan civilization: statuette of warrior in bronze by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Musician Playing the Zither or the Lyre (detail) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Italy, Arezzo Province, Cortona, Bronze Statue of God Culsans by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Sarcophagus of the Spouses, 525-500 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Sarcophagus of the Spouses, from Cerveteri by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Antefix with the head of a gorgon, from the Portonaccio Temple, Veii by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: A young swimmer diving. Fresco of the grave of the diver. (detail) From the southern cemetery of Paestum. 480-470 BC. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Paestum by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Roman Etruscan Art: bronze statue of Aulo Metello called the Harangueur - 80 BC, From Pila near Perugia, Portrait of Aule Metele (Aulus Metellus) also known as The Orator by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Terracotta amphora with representation of a duel between two soldiers, 520-500 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan Art: Frescoes Depicting Banquet Scenes by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-282370).jpg "Warrior, from Umbria, Etruscan, 5th century BC by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-282370).jpg)
 - (MeisterDrucke-146574).jpg "Portrait of a Man, from Manganello, Caere, Italy by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-146574).jpg)
 - (MeisterDrucke-159604).jpg "Funerary Monument Depicting Mourners Surrounding the Laying-Out of a Body Before Cremation, c.490-480 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Chariot racing (detail) by Etruscan")
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_by_the_Altamura_Painter_detail_showing_Dionysus_Red-figure_p_-_(MeisterDrucke-1117571).jpg "Krater (large vase) by the Altamura Painter (detail) by Etruscan")
_by_the_Altamura_Painter_detail_showing_Dionysus_Red-figure_p_-_(MeisterDrucke-1117571).jpg)
.jpg "Musician Playing the Zither, from the Tomb of the Leopards, c.490 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Ritual dance, young woman wearing a transparent tunic and young man naked (detail) by Etruscan")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-270308).jpg "Head of the augur, from the Tomb of the Augurs, c.530-20 BC by Etruscan")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-270308).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-293178).jpg "Horseman, Left Hand Side, from the Tomb of the Baron by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Dancers and Musicians During a Banquet by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Culture of Villanova by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: frescoes representing banquet scenes, (detail) representing a flute player. Tomb of the Triclinium. 5th century BC. National Archaeological Museum of Tarquinia Italy by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Larth Velcha and His Wife Velia Seithi at a Banquet, Fresco of the Tomb of the Scudi, 340 BC, Necropolis of Monterozzi, Tarquinia, Italy by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Priest Making a Ritual Gesture, from the Tomb of the Augurs, c.530-20 BC by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-230712).jpg "Black-Figure Vase, Etruscan, 6th Century BC by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-230712).jpg)
 - (MeisterDrucke-229456).jpg "Disc with embossed decorations from Cerveteri, Italy by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Statue Called")
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.jpg "Etruscan civilization: the deity of Culsans design Bronze sculpture, 3rd century BC from Cortona, Italy by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-119170).jpg "Etruscan Lidded Pithos with the Blinding of Polyphemos, 650-25 BC by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-119170).jpg)
 - (MeisterDrucke-244509).jpg "Cauldron with Animal Heads from Cerveteri by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-244509).jpg)
.jpg "Pig-shaped ceramic unguentarium, 580-560 BC by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-171515).jpg "Cinerary Urn by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-171515).jpg)
 - (MeisterDrucke-188736).jpg "Apollo of Veii, from the Temple of Minerva, c.510 BC by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-188736).jpg)
 - (MeisterDrucke-166780).jpg "A Guest at a Funeral Banquet Holding an Egg in His Hand, from the Tomb of Lions by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Amphora with point, Red-figure pottery from Perugia by Etruscan")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-154727).jpg "Horseman, Right Hand Side, from the Tomb of the Baron, c.500 BC by Etruscan")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-154727).jpg)
.jpg "Etruscan Civilization - \"Plaque Campana\" Representing a Procession from Banditaccia Necropolis, Cerveteri, Rome, 550-520 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Phersu Dancing, from the Tomb of the Augurs, c.530-520 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Relief with a chariot race from a marble milestone of Chiusi, Italy, 6th Century BC by Etruscan")
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_by_the_Nepi_Painter_Red-figure_pottery_from_Corchiano_(Lazio_-_(MeisterDrucke-1119839).jpg "Krater by the Nepi Painter by Etruscan")
_by_the_Nepi_Painter_Red-figure_pottery_from_Corchiano_(Lazio_-_(MeisterDrucke-1119839).jpg)
_by_the_Turmuca_Painter_depicting_a_scene_from_the_unde_-_(MeisterDrucke-1117104).jpg "Calyx-Krater Depicting a Scene from the Underworld with Charon and Girls by Etruscan")
_by_the_Turmuca_Painter_depicting_a_scene_from_the_unde_-_(MeisterDrucke-1117104).jpg)
.jpg "The Ploughman of Arezzo, from Cerveteri, 6th Century BC by Etruscan")
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_(see_also_270394)_-_(MeisterDrucke-219469).jpg "Handle, early 5th century BC by Etruscan")
_(see_also_270394)_-_(MeisterDrucke-219469).jpg)
.jpg "Detail of a Quadriga from a Sarcophagus, Man with a Calf by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan civilization: decorated column capitals from the tomb Campanari a Vulci, Italy. End 4th, beginning 3rd century BC. Florence, Museo Archeologico by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-165909).jpg "Dancer from the Tomb of the Triclinium, c.470 BC by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-165909).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-378042).jpg "Amphora by Etruscan")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-378042).jpg)
.jpg "Mirror depicting Aphrodite persuading Helen to follow Paris to Troy, from Palestrina by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-204405).jpg "Jug with Griffins, Bucchero Ware, Etruscan, 650-550 BC by Etruscan")
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_Etruscan_Civilization_4th_Century_-_(MeisterDrucke-1119844).jpg "Stamnos, Red-Figure Pottery from Vulci by Etruscan")
_Etruscan_Civilization_4th_Century_-_(MeisterDrucke-1119844).jpg)
.jpg "Tomb of the Acrobats, (detail) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan civilization: attic amphora of type SOS, from Cerveteri, necropolis of Monte Abatone, Italy - 675-625 BC by Etruscan")
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 (copper alloy) - (MeisterDrucke-305859).jpg "Etruscan bronze statuette of Turms (Hermes) by Etruscan")
 (copper alloy) - (MeisterDrucke-305859).jpg)
_of_Pyrgi_in_gold_engraved_with_inscriptions_i_-_(MeisterDrucke-1124908).jpg "Tablets of Pyrgi in gold engraved with inscriptions in Etruscan language dedicated to the United Goddess. End 6th-beginning 5th century BC. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
_of_Pyrgi_in_gold_engraved_with_inscriptions_i_-_(MeisterDrucke-1124908).jpg)
.jpg "Head of a man, in light clay, 2nd century BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan Tomb of Leopards, fresco showing banquet scene, Tarquinia. 5th century BC, Italy by Etruscan")
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 (see also 407461) - (MeisterDrucke-149734).jpg "Musician Playing the Zither or the Lyre, from the Tomb of the Triclinium, c.470 BC by Etruscan")
 (see also 407461) - (MeisterDrucke-149734).jpg)
.jpg "View of the Back Wall, Tomb of the Baron by Etruscan")
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.jpg "The Chimera of Arezzo, Slain by Bellerophon by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-179019).jpg "Sarcophagus from the Banditaccia Necropolis, Cerveteri, Italy by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-179019).jpg)
_Etruscan_Ci_-_(MeisterDrucke-1117339).jpg "Mirror depicting banquet scene, Etruscan Civilization, 4th Century BC by Etruscan")
_Etruscan_Ci_-_(MeisterDrucke-1117339).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-276959).jpg "Head of a warrior wearing a helmet, from Satricum by Etruscan")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-276959).jpg)
_etruscan_god_of_Afterlife_wearing_a_wolf_cap_(detail_of_fresco_4th_B_-_(MeisterDrucke-1022415).jpg "Aita, Etruscan God of Afterlife (detail) by Etruscan")
_etruscan_god_of_Afterlife_wearing_a_wolf_cap_(detail_of_fresco_4th_B_-_(MeisterDrucke-1022415).jpg)
.jpg "Etruscan Art: Bronze Athlete Statuette from the Veneziana Fonte. 520-500 BC. Florence, Museo Archeologico by Etruscan")
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_by_the_Nepi_Painter_Red-figure_pottery_from_Corchiano_(Lazio_-_(MeisterDrucke-1103964).jpg "Krater by the Nepi Painter by Etruscan")
_by_the_Nepi_Painter_Red-figure_pottery_from_Corchiano_(Lazio_-_(MeisterDrucke-1103964).jpg)
.jpg "Warriors fighting (detail) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Alabaster Urn with the Deceased Riding to the Underworld by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-167859).jpg "Two Dancers and Dolphins Leaping through Waves, frieze from the Tomb of the Lionesses in the necropolis by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Red-Figure Volute Krater Depicting Peleus Kidnapping Thetis by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Charioteer in His Chariot (detail) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan Civilization: Head of a Young Man from the Temple of Belvedere, in Orvieto - 5th-4th Century BC Diam 13 cm by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Mural from the Tomb of the Infernal Quadriga (detail) by Etruscan")
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_by_the_Berkeley_Painter_depicting_a_winged_spirit_Red-_-_(MeisterDrucke-1110111).jpg "Calyx-krater (large vase) by the Berkeley Painter depicting a winged spirit. Red-figure pottery. Etruscan Civilisation, 4th Century BC. by Etruscan")
_by_the_Berkeley_Painter_depicting_a_winged_spirit_Red-_-_(MeisterDrucke-1110111).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-312348).jpg "Helmet and Greaves, Italo-Etruscan, early 5th century BC by Etruscan")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-312348).jpg)
.jpg "Bronze Kouros Sculpture from Talamone by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: a young ephebe, a musician and a master of ceremonies. Fresco of the grave of the diver. From the southern cemetery of Paestum. 480-470 BC. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Paestum by Etruscan")
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_(see_also_270393)_-_(MeisterDrucke-267551).jpg "Handle, early 5th century BC by Etruscan")
_(see_also_270393)_-_(MeisterDrucke-267551).jpg)
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