The 18th dynasty in Egypt encompasses an age often referred to as the new empire, or the third high period of Egypt. A time of change had come. Egypt is a country that historically has rarely avoided conflict. With the beginning of the 18th dynasty, a kind of calm period set in and the glorious time of the pharaohs came. Egyptian art remained on a relatively low level until then. Art was made for the dead. The flat-painted art that decorated the tombs of the deceased was of simple elaboration and design. With the pharaohs, the understanding of art changed. The Valley of the Kings became the central point of the stately tombs. The chosen place became the link between the belief in the gods and the cult of the dead. The work of the artists was no longer to serve a single purpose, it was to enable the dead kings to live on magnificently and were intended as mild-mannered offerings to the benevolence of the gods. When Howard Carter opened the tomb of Tutankhamun, it revealed an almost unimaginable magnificence with works of art from the 18th Dynasty. The artists used materials of inestimable value. Precious stones, gold, silver and copper were used in the grave goods. It is hard to imagine that in parallel in Europe the Bronze Age was drawing to a close.
An excellent example of 18th Dynasty art is the statue of the ruler Hatshepsut. The only woman to have ever ruled Egypt, it can be admired today in Metropolitan Museum. The pharaoh appears impossibly young, polished stone makes her skin shimmer and her face has fine features. The viewer might mistake her for a ballet dancer rather than Egypt's only queen. Artist Judy Chicago has reserved a place for the queen in her installation The Dinner Party.
An important task of the Egyptian artists was to choose a precise and unambiguous form of representation. From today's perspective, the individual motifs appear simple and schematic, yet the murals tell detailed stories. With the closing of the graves the stories should become alive and accompany the way of the dead. The artists proceeded systematically in the creation of the murals. Sketches were made on papyrus and these were transferred to the walls with bold colors. Strings stretched beforehand marked the exact position for the motifs. To protect the soul of the dead, all works of art were made according to strict rules of representation. The Egyptian art of mural painting follows geometric regularities in the arrangement of recurring elements. The result is a harmonious and balanced impression, which is unique in this form. The sculptors and painters of the 18th dynasty would not be artists in the modern sense, as they lacked creative and artistic freedom, yet their representations still find imitators and admirers many centuries later.
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.jpg "The goddess Selket on the canopic shrine, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Garden of a Private Estate with an Ornamental Pool by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Goddess Selket from the Canopic Shrine, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun (c.1370-1352 BC) New Kingdom (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-427799).jpg "Fragment of the Ebers Papyrus, New Kingdom, c.1550 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-427799).jpg)
.jpg "Scarab pectoral, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_New_Kingdom_c1336-1327_BC_(gold_-_(MeisterDrucke-427092).jpg "The Funerary Mask of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_c1336-1327_BC_(gold_-_(MeisterDrucke-427092).jpg)
.jpg "Bust of Queen Nefertiti, from the Studio of the Sculptor Thutmose at Tell el-Amarna by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_and_his_wife_A_-_(MeisterDrucke-418046).jpg "Plaque from the lid of a coffer showing Tutankhamun and his wife Ankhesenamun in a garden by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_and_his_wife_A_-_(MeisterDrucke-418046).jpg)
_and_his_wife_Ankhesenamun_from_his_tomb_New_Kingdom_-_(MeisterDrucke-426888).jpg "Tutankhamun and his wife, Ankhesenamun, from his tomb by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_and_his_wife_Ankhesenamun_from_his_tomb_New_Kingdom_-_(MeisterDrucke-426888).jpg)
_New_Kingdom_(_-_(MeisterDrucke-374847).jpg "The Cartouche of the King, from the Tomb of Horemheb by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_(_-_(MeisterDrucke-374847).jpg)
.jpg "The goddess Isis from the inside of one of the double doors of the third gilded shrine, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-422406).jpg "Musicians and a Dancer, from the Tomb of Nakht, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-422406).jpg)
_depicting_the_Queen_a_-_(MeisterDrucke-417957).jpg "Detail from the Golden Shrine of Tutankhamun depicting the Queen anointing him with scented unguent, New Kingdom (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_depicting_the_Queen_a_-_(MeisterDrucke-417957).jpg)
_(c1364-1347_BC)_from_the_Temple_of_Amun_Karnak_-_(MeisterDrucke-419742).jpg "Bust of Amenophis IV (Akhenaten) from the Temple of Amun, Karnak (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_(c1364-1347_BC)_from_the_Temple_of_Amun_Karnak_-_(MeisterDrucke-419742).jpg)
.jpg "Hub and Spokes of Chariot Wheel by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_and_Queen_Tiye_New_Ki_-_(MeisterDrucke-421820).jpg "Base of a Marriage Scarab of Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye, New Kingdom, c.1391-1353 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Egyptian antiquity: musicians. Tomb of Nakht, 18th dynasty, 1410 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_(basalt)_-_(MeisterDrucke-418468).jpg "Tuthmosis III by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Bas Relief Representing the Guests of a Funeral Banquet - Tomb of the Vizier Ramose by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Anubis, Egyptian god of the dead from a chest in the form of a shrine, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Anubis, Egyptian God of the Dead, Seated Atop a Chest in the Form of a Shrine, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_(c1364-47_BC)_Nefertiti_and_their_Daug_-_(MeisterDrucke-420860).jpg "Relief depicting Amenophis IV (Akhenaten), Nefertiti and their Daughter, Meritaton, Making an Offering to Aten, from the Royal Palace at Tell El-Amarna by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_(c1364-47_BC)_Nefertiti_and_their_Daug_-_(MeisterDrucke-420860).jpg)
.jpg "Necklace with vulture pendant, from the tomb of Tutankhamun (c.1370-52 BC) New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Nebamun hunting in the marshes with his wife and daughter, part of a wall painting from the tomb-chapel of Nebamun, Thebes, New Kingdom, c.1350 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-440480).jpg "Eye of Ra pectoral, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-440480).jpg)
_New_Kingdom_-_(MeisterDrucke-439202).jpg "Gold dagger and sheath, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_-_(MeisterDrucke-439202).jpg)
.jpg "The deceased Kha and his wife Merit worship Osiris, lord of the afterlife - Papyrus from Book of the Dead, from the funerary chamber of architect Kha by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_New_Kingdom_(gilded_wood_-_(MeisterDrucke-439206).jpg "The throne, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_(gilded_wood_-_(MeisterDrucke-439206).jpg)
 and Nefertiti from Tel - (MeisterDrucke-374953).jpg "Statuette of Amenophis IV (Akhenaten) and Nefertiti, from Tell el-Amarna, Amarna Period, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
 and Nefertiti from Tel - (MeisterDrucke-374953).jpg)
.jpg "Detail of a Tutankhamun Chest, New Kingdom, c.1340 BC (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Child")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1649671).jpg "Pharaoh Tuthmosis IV by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Relief from rear external panel of second funeral chapel, Treasures of Tutankhamun, Egypt, Egyptian civilization, New Kingdom, Dynasty XVIII by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Harvesting Scene, Mural Painting in the Tomb of Menna at Elwet, c. 1400 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-381485).jpg "Sphinx of Hatshepsut, c.1479-58 by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-381485).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-427654).jpg "Relief Depicting the Aten Giving Life and Prosperity to Amenophis IV (Akhenaten) (c.1352-1336 BC) His Wife, Nefertiti and Three of Their Daughters, from Tell el-Amarna, New Kingdom, c.1375-1354 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-439334).jpg "Sandals, Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-439334).jpg)
.jpg "Aerial View of Qurna Archaeological Site, Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, Theban Necropolis, Egypt, New Kingdom, Dynasty XVIII-XIX by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_New_Ki_-_(MeisterDrucke-418058).jpg "Lifesize statuette of the king, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Ki_-_(MeisterDrucke-418058).jpg)
.jpg "Bust of Queen Nefertiti, Front View, from the Studio of the Sculptor Thutmose at Tell el-Amarna by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Ankh, Hieroglyphic sign of life, Djed, pillar-like symbol, and Uas, sign of scepter, painted reliefs, Chapel of Hathor, Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut, Deir el-Bahri, Thebes, Egyptian civilization, New Kingdom, Dynasty XVIII by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "The Innermost Coffin of Tutankhamun Showing the King in Osiride Form Clasping the Crook and the Flail from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_with_baboons_New_Kingdom_(painted_stone)_-_(MeisterDrucke-427597).jpg "Amenophis IV (Akhenaten) with baboons, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_with_baboons_New_Kingdom_(painted_stone)_-_(MeisterDrucke-427597).jpg)
_New_Kingd_-_(MeisterDrucke-418056).jpg "Pectoral with a bird-scarab, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "A group of Black prisoners surrounded by guards armed with clubs while a scribe draws up a report. Relief from the tomb of Horemheb at Saqqara, detail by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1660284).jpg "God with a black face, Amun-Min by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-1660284).jpg)
 N - (MeisterDrucke-375019).jpg "Canopic Chest from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
 N - (MeisterDrucke-375019).jpg)
_depicting_the_spirit_-_(MeisterDrucke-417958).jpg "Back of a chair from the tomb of Tutankhamun depicting the spirit of millions of years, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_depicting_the_spirit_-_(MeisterDrucke-417958).jpg)
_with_an_ankh_being_raised_to_his_lips_from_the_sarc_-_(MeisterDrucke-426886).jpg "Amenhotep II with an ankh being raised to his lips, from the sarcophagus chamber of his tomb by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_with_an_ankh_being_raised_to_his_lips_from_the_sarc_-_(MeisterDrucke-426886).jpg)
.jpg "Detail of a Cat, from Nebamun Hunting in the Marshes with His Wife and Daughter, Part of a Wall Painting from the Tomb-Chapel of Nebamun, Thebes, New Kingdom, c.1350 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Statue of Akhenaten, front view by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Relief of the heretic King Akhenaten depicting the king standing, arms upraised, before an offering table and walking in procession celebrating the royal heb sed-festival by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-374853).jpg "Hunting and Fishing, from the Tomb of Nakht by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-374853).jpg)
_in_t_-_(MeisterDrucke-571841).jpg "The stairway leading to the Festival hall of Tuthmosis III in the Great Temple of Amun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_in_t_-_(MeisterDrucke-571841).jpg)
.jpg "Female torso, probably Queen Nefertiti, Amarna period (1365-1349 BC) New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_(see_also_3833_-_(MeisterDrucke-381425).jpg "Canopic urns from the tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_(see_also_3833_-_(MeisterDrucke-381425).jpg)
.jpg "Black prisoners surrounded by armed guards, relief from the Memphite Tomb of Horemheb at Saqqara, Egyptian Civilization, New Kingdom, Dynasty XVIII by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_New_Kingdom_(g_-_(MeisterDrucke-418052).jpg "The gold funerary mask, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Pectoral decorated with the winged scarab protected by Isis and Nephthys, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Queen of Punt, (detail), mortuary temple of Hatshepsut, Deir el-Bahari, necropolis of Thebes (Unesco World Heritage List) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-424190).jpg "Two Musicians, from the Tomb of Rekhmire, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-424190).jpg)
_Ne_-_(MeisterDrucke-416034).jpg "External view from the South of the colonnade of Amenophis III, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_Ne_-_(MeisterDrucke-416034).jpg)
.jpg "Lamp in the form of three lotus flowers, from the tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-598850).jpg "Image of the king on his funerary bed, from the tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-598850).jpg)
_Ne_-_(MeisterDrucke-418051).jpg "Model of one of the pharaoh")
_Ne_-_(MeisterDrucke-418051).jpg)
.jpg "The gold mask from the Treasure of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_New_Kingdom_(wall_pa_-_(MeisterDrucke-425925).jpg "Horemheb and Isis, from the Tomb of Horemheb (c.1323-1295 BC) New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_(wall_pa_-_(MeisterDrucke-425925).jpg)
.jpg "Statue of the lion-headed goddess Sekhmet, from the Temple of Mut, Karnak, New Kingdom, c.1391-1353 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_making_an_offering_to_a_seated_go_-_(MeisterDrucke-426860).jpg "Relief depicting Tuthmosis III making an offering to a seated god by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_making_an_offering_to_a_seated_go_-_(MeisterDrucke-426860).jpg)
_New_Kingdom_(shee_-_(MeisterDrucke-439213).jpg "The royal sceptre, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_(shee_-_(MeisterDrucke-439213).jpg)
.jpg "Ay Performing the Opening of the Mouth Ceremony on the Mummy of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "A Sphinx of Queen Hatshepsut from the Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_and_Nefertiti_(c1370_BC-c1330_BC)_Great_Royal_W_-_(MeisterDrucke-1041983).jpg "Akhenaten and Nefertiti, Relief in the Egyptian Museum in the Altes Museum Berlin by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_and_Nefertiti_(c1370_BC-c1330_BC)_Great_Royal_W_-_(MeisterDrucke-1041983).jpg)
.jpg "Falcon pectoral, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Nebamun Receiving Offerings from His Son, from the Tomb of Nebamun, c.1350 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Innermost Coffin of Tutankhamun from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "The Colossi of Memnon, Statues of Amenhotep III by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1041384).jpg "Akhenaten and His Family, from Akhetaten by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-1041384).jpg)
.jpg "Detail from the Golden Shrine, Tutankhamun")
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_in_the_Great_Temple_of_Amun_Karnak_Tem_-_(MeisterDrucke-423162).jpg "The Obelisk of Tuthmosis I (1504-1492 BC) in the Great Temple of Amun, Karnak Temple, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_in_the_Great_Temple_of_Amun_Karnak_Tem_-_(MeisterDrucke-423162).jpg)
_Ne_-_(MeisterDrucke-418036).jpg "Mirror case in the form of an ankh, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_Ne_-_(MeisterDrucke-418036).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-429409).jpg "Shabti figure for Amenemhat, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-429409).jpg)
_(c1364-47_BC)_-_(MeisterDrucke-420863).jpg "Head of Amenophis IV (Akhenaten) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_(c1364-47_BC)_-_(MeisterDrucke-420863).jpg)
_New_Kingdom_(granite)_-_(MeisterDrucke-418319).jpg "Statue of Tuthmosis III by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_(granite)_-_(MeisterDrucke-418319).jpg)
.jpg "Painted Relief, Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut, Deir el-Bahri, Luxor, Thebes (Unesco World Heritage List) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Bust of Queen Nefertiti, Side View, from the Studio of Thutmose at Tell el-Amarna by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Headrest with Shu, the Egyptian God of the Air, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "A Kiss, a relief of Queen Nefertiti kissing one of her daughters, from Hermopolis, New Kingdom, Amarna Period by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Front view of one of the canopic coffins, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Necklace with vulture pendant, from the tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-1080811).jpg "Ramos and his wife, Tomb of Ramos, Sheikh")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-1080811).jpg)
.jpg "Egyptian antiquity: slaves carrying an obelisk during the great works of Pharaonic Egypt. (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Drinking Cup in the Form of a Half-Opened Lotus Flower, Found at the Entrance to the Tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_New_Kingdom_(gold)_-_(MeisterDrucke-439208).jpg "Two bracelets, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_(gold)_-_(MeisterDrucke-439208).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-561822).jpg "The Wilbour Plaque, from modern Amarna, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-561822).jpg)
.jpg "Life size statue of Tutankhamun, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Egypt, Luxor, Valley of the Kings, Tomb of Horemheb by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Wall painting, Tomb of Sennedjem by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-431724).jpg "Interior of the Tomb of Ramose, New Kingdom, c.1360 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Drinking cup in the form of a half-opened lotus flower, found at the entrance to the tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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